First steps towards mass rearing of European smelt (<i>Osmerus eperlanus</i>, L.) using conventional hatchery equipment

Anadromous European smelt ( Osmerus eperlanus ) is a keystone species in lake and river ecosystems. In the past present, stock declines several of its habitats have been reported. The reasons for this are unclear. Experimental research on early life stages could help to reveal potential causes. For purpose, knowledge artificial propagation rearing needed. Following from previous work, we show how scale up mass rear using conventional hatchery equipment present simplified protocol first feeding. Smelt eggs, after egg adhesiveness removed, can be incubated standard commonly used aquaculture. Incubation McDonald-type jars shows even improved results when settling floating eggs prevented. Next avoiding loss simultaneously reduces labor daily care. First feeding larval achieved with decapsulated artemia cysts, eliminating need labor-intensive green water production. Using presented, larvae different produced large quantities allowing further experimental studies.